▲ 作者：WEICHENG ZANG,出版 YOUN KIL JUNG, JENNIFER C. YEE, KYU-HA HWANG, HONGJING YANG, ANDRZEJ UDALSKI, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn6088
▲摘要：
被归类为超级地球的系外行星通常在靠近其主恒星的短周期轨道上被观测到，
▲ Abstract：
Organic farming is 周论often considered to be more sustainable than conventional farming. However, both farming systems comprise highly variable management practices. In this study, we show that in organic and conventional arable fields, the multifunctionality of soils decreases with increasing agricultural management intensity. Soil organic carbon content and bacterial biomass, respectively, were the strongest abiotic and biotic predictors of soil multifunctionality. Greater soil multifunctionality was associated with less-frequent inversion tillage and higher frequency of grass-legume cover cropping, and organic farming did not outperform conventional farming. Our results suggest that reducing management intensity will enhance soil multifunctionality in both conventional and organic farming. This implies that, in contexts where high-yielding, high-intensity agriculture prevails, the paradigm of sustainable intensification should be replaced by “productive deintensification.
特别声明：本文转载仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，土壤的文导闻科多功能性随农业管理强度的增加而降低。该研究结果表明，读新包括在配方材料中使用报废交联聚二甲基硅氧烷基网络。学网这意味着在高产、科学但它们在更宽轨道上的出版丰度难以确定。离子传导主导驱动EDL动力学。周论2 A/cm2下可稳定运行5140小时。
▲ Abstract：
Stable, nonprecious catalysts are vital for large-scale alkaline water electrolysis. Here, we report a grafted superstructure, MOF@POM, formed by self-assembling a metal-organic framework (MOF) with polyoxometalate (POM). In situ electrochemical transformation converts MOF into active metal (oxy)hydroxides to produce a catalyst with a low overpotential of 178 millivolts at 10 milliamperes per square centimeter in alkaline electrolyte. An anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer incorporating this catalyst achieves 3 amperes per square centimeter at 1.78 volts at 80°C and stable operation at 2 amperes per square centimeter for 5140 hours at room temperature. In situ electrochemical spectroscopy and theoretical studies reveal that the synergistic interactions between metal atoms create a fast electron-transfer channel from catalytic iron and cobalt sites, nickel, and tungsten in the polyoxometalate to the electrode, stabilizing the metal sites and preventing dissolution.
地球科学Earth Science
Conventional and organic farms with more intensive management have lower soil functionality
管理更集约的传统农场和有机农场的土壤功能性较低
▲ 作者：SOPHIE Q. VAN RIJSSEL, GUUSJE J. KOORNEEF, G. F. (CISKA) VEEN, MIRJAM M. PULLEMAN, RON G. M. DE GOEDE, ROB N. J. COMANS, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr0211
▲摘要：
有机农业通常被认为比传统农业更具可持续性。水化学和生物电技术中至关重要。并将这些位点分布与丙烯低聚化的优越催化活性关联起来。
研究组推断，在光谱上被识别为α、（甲基）氯硅烷是支撑有机硅行业的Müller-Rochow工艺的关键中间体。通过准瞬时改变吸附在空气-水电解质溶液界面上的质子（H3O+）表面倾向，观测结果与双峰分布最为一致，可持续集约化范式应被“生产去集约化”所取代。且其轨道比土星长。该研究量化了EDL动力学并确定了其主要驱动因素，引力微透镜对宽轨道上的系外行星很敏感。非平衡态分子动力学模拟和解析模型表明，AXRPD明确地鉴定了铝对的晶体组织，
▲ Abstract：
Chemical recycling to monomers is a key strategy for a sustainable circular polymer economy. However, most efforts have focused on polymers with carbon backbones. Recycling of silicone polymers and corresponding materials, featuring a robust inorganic backbone and tunable properties, remains in its infancy. We present a general method for depolymerization of a very wide range of silicone-based materials and postconsumer waste, including end-of-life cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane-based networks within formulated materials. The reaction proceeds at 40°C, harnessing an efficient gallium catalyst for a million-fold rate enhancement and boron trichloride as the chlorine source, to produce nearly quantitative yields of (methyl)chlorosilanes, key intermediates in the Müller-Rochow process that anchors the silicone industry.
Polyoxometalated metal-organic framework superstructure for stable water oxidation
多金属氧酸盐金属有机骨架超结构助力稳定水氧化
▲ 作者：KAIHANG YUE, RUIHU LU, MINGBIN GAO, FEI SONG, YAO DAI, CHENFENG XIA, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads1466
▲摘要：
稳定的非贵金属催化剂对于大规模碱水电解至关重要。这两种农业系统都包含高度可变的管理实践。高强度农业盛行的情况下，铝K边反常X射线粉末衍射（AXRPD）探测了ZSM-5框架内铝原子的长程有序，土壤有机碳含量和细菌生物量分别是土壤多功能性最强的非生物和生物预测因子。并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、生成的催化剂在碱性电解液中以10 mA/cm2的电流产生178 mV的低过电位。
研究组观察到微透镜事件OGLE-2016-BLG-0007，请与我们接洽。镍和钨到电极的快速电子转移通道，
研究组确定了关键沸石催化剂ZSM-5结构中铝原子的分布规律。在有机和传统耕地中，
▲ Abstract：
Exoplanets classified as super-Earths are commonly observed on short-period orbits, close to their host stars, but their abundance on wider orbits is poorly constrained. Gravitational microlensing is sensitive to exoplanets on wide orbits. We observed the microlensing event OGLE-2016-BLG-0007, which indicates an exoplanet with a planet-to-star mass ratio roughly double the Earth-Sun mass ratio, on an orbit longer than Saturn’s. We combined this event with a larger sample from a microlensing survey to determine the distribution of mass ratios for planets on wide orbits. We infer that there are ~0.35 super-Earth planets per star on Jupiter-like orbits. The observations are most consistent with a bimodal distribution, with separate peaks for super-Earths and gas giants. We suggest that this reflects differences in their formation processes.
材料科学Materials Science
Aluminum distribution and active site locations in the structures of zeolite ZSM-5 catalysts
ZSM-5沸石催化剂结构中铝的分布及活性位点位置
▲ 作者：PRZEMYSLAW RZEPKA, THOMAS HUTHWELKER, JIRI DEDECEK, EDYTA TABOR, MILAN BERNAUER, STEPAN SKLENAK, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads7290
▲摘要：
沸石在炼油和化学合成中的优异催化性能归因于其明确多孔结构的活性位点分布。
研究组表明，
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